Method of lining tubular containers



E. s. HARDY ET AL METHOD OF LINING TUBULAR CONTAINERS Filed Feb. 2l, 1928 f INVENTORJ /0 Patented Nov. 27, 1928.

UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE.

ELBERT' C. HARDY, 0F LUDINGTON, MICHIGAN, AND PEDRO JOSE MORALES, OF CHICAGO, ILLINOIS, ASSIGNORS T0 ARKELL SAFETY BAG COMPANY, OF NEW YORK, N. Y., A CORPORATION 0F NEW YORK.

METHOD 0F IIINING TUBULAR CONTAINERS.

Application led February 21, 1928. Serial No. 256,055.

Our invention relates to a new and improved method of lining a tubular container closed at one end and has for its object to provide an improved method of introducing the lining into such container. It further has for its object to produce a more perfectly lined container, to reduce the manual labor required, to reduce the time required, and to eliminate various features which are objectionable to the workmen employing the old method. It is particularly adapted to and especially advantageous in lining barrels. Heretofore in the lining of a barrel it has been customary to employ a paper bag which `when properly inserted and filled with material will Contact with the sides of the barrel. and with the bottom also so as to be supported by the sides and bottom of the barrel at all points and not be liable to be ruptured by the contents. It has, however, been difficult to properly insert the lining. In applying these paper linings to barrels it has lbeen customary to place the lining in the barrel and then reach the hand down and stretch the bottom of the lining upon the bottom of the barrel and press the sides outward by hand. This requires the operator to lean over and insert his head within the barrel and requires very considerable exertion as well as working with the head in a confined place. It is, however, practicall impossible to make the lining contact wit Aall parts of the inner side wall of the barrel at the same time'. This is due to the air which is confined between the lining and the sides of the barrel which, when the lining is pressed out in one place, moves around to another place so as to force away from the barrel a portion of the lining which may have hitherto been placed in contact with the. inner surface of the barrel. For similar reasons it is also difficult to make the lining contact with the entire surface of the bottom of the barrel. rI he lining of the barrel by the old method takes several minutes and even then produces an imperfect result. By our method a barrel can be satisfactorily lined in much less time and with much less effort, and the result is very satisfactory.

The following is a description of the meth- 0d involving our invention, reference being had to the accompanying drawings, which are illustrative and show apparatus for car- Tying it out.

Referring more particularly to the drawings,

Figure 1 is a paper bag which may be used in carrying out our method;

Fig. 2 shows the bag folded so as to assist in carrying out our method;

Fig. 3 shows the barrel and lining in conjunction with apparatus for properly disposing the lining; and

Fig. 4 shows in section a completely lined barrel.

The bag of Figure 1 consists of a tubular member formed by folding the paper upon itself so that the edges register, and sewing along a single straight. seam along the side edges, and then sewing a straight seam along the bottom edges, the length of the member preferably exceeding the sum of the height and diameter of the barrel so as to allow for folding the top over the contents or for tying if desired. This bag is preferably made of crinkled paper so 'as to be distend- -able about the axis of the tube and to a certain extent extendable, although our invention is not limited to the use of such crinkled paper bags.

Referring more particularly to the drawings, 2 is a bag formed ofI any suitable lining material, but preferably of crinkled paper, as above described, by sewing a longitudinal side seam t and another seam 6, closing the bottom of the bag. Fig. 2 shows the bag with its closed end 8 turned up along a line 10 spaced from the bottom of the bag by substantially one-half of the diameter of the barrel to be lined. 12 is a barrel which is being lined. 14 is a source of air under pressure such for instance as a fan driven by an electric motor 16 and supplying a large volume of air at comparatively low pressure through a conduit. to a depending nozzle 18 which is preferably slightly expanded. A three inch conduit is suitable. In carrying out our invention mentioned in lining bar- Cir rels with the bag shown, a bag folded as The .mouth of the bag so disposed is then Gathered about the discharge nozzle 18 of the ian and, While it is held Wiurb-oth hands, the motor is started. The fan thereupon dis-- charges air in a very considerable volume and at low pressure, which speedily fills the bag and distends it, acting to unfold and spread the bottom of the bag upon the bottom of the barrel and bringing the sides of the bag in contact with the inner sides of the barrel. which is between the outer surface of the bag and the inner surface of the side walls of the barrel out so that the bag is simultaneously in contact with substantially all portions of the inner surface of those sides. The air 'which tends to keep the lining away from the sides of the barrel is thus simultaneously forced out of the barrel.

After the bag has been thus distended the operator stops the motor and removes the mouth of the bag from the discharge nozzle, closing it as tightly as possible with the hands, and presses down upon the upper end of the bag so as to transmit additional pressure through the contained air to the bottom of the bag, tending to still further-spread it out on the bottom of the barrel, so that in case the pressure of the air discharged from the fan is not sufficient to completely spread the bottom, the spreading may be completed by this manual pressure step. The bag is then opened and its edge turned over the mouth of the barrel as is customarily done in connection with the hand lining of barrels.

The conduit preferably discharges air at the rate of some three hundred cubic feet per minute, and at a static pressure of about two and three-quarter pounds per square inch so as to quickly fill the bag and to distend it in all directions toward the inner surface of the barrel until good contact is made between the lining and those inner surfaces. The air pressure, of course, must not be so great as to disrupt the bag or to make it difficult for the operator to hold the mouth of the bag about the discharge nozzle. Any pressure which does not rupture the bag or render it difficult for the operator to hold the mouth of the bag about the nozzle may be used, the pressure being dependent somewhat upon the strength of the bag and the strength and ability of the operator.

Our invention is also adapted for the lining of bags made of woven fabrics. These bags are tubular and are closed by a straight seam at one end. In inserting the lining member into such a fabric bag it is not necessary to fold the lininv member upward. It should, however, be folded longitudinally and inserted so that a portion at least of the bottom seam is parallel with and adjacent to the bottom crease of the bag. When this is done the air pressure is applied to the mouth of the bag and the lining and fabric bag are both This simultaneously forces airA distended,. whereupon the corners of the lining bag automatically find the corners of the fabric bag so as to protrude therein, producing a perfectly lined bag expeditiously Our method may be used in introducing av lining such as described andshown herein, or other linings which are specially formed or constructed so as to be adapted to fit the interior of the containers to be lined. It is especially/ adapted for use for the form of lining shown, which is more simple and inexpensive to make and prepare than other forms of lining.

As will be evident to those skilled in the art, our invention permits various modifications without departing from the spirit thereof or the scopevof the appended claims.

lVhat we claim is:

l. The method of lining a tubular, container closed at one end, which consists in inserting into the container a lining member comprising an elongated paper tube closed at one end, said tube being folded so that its inner walls are in contact with one another and adapted when distended within said container to contact with the side walls thereof on all sides so that the lower portion of said inserted member is positioned adjacent to the bottom of the container, and supplying air under pressure to the'mouth of said folded member thus positioned so as to inate the same and cause its outer wall to contact with the inner wall of the container.

2. Thev method of lining a round container closed at one end, which consists in folding a lining member, comprising an elongated paper tube close-d atone end and adapted when distended within said container to contact with the side walls thereof on all sides, along a line spaced from said closed end by a distance equal to approximately one-half the diameter of the container, the folded inserted member being positioned so that its lower portion is adjacent the bottom of the container and supplying air under pressure to the mouth of said member thus positioned so as to iniate the same and cause its outer wall to contact with the inner wall of the container.

3. The method of lining a tubular container closed at one end, which consists in inserting into the container a lining member comprising an elongated paper tube closed at one end and adapted when distende-d within said contain-er to contact with the side walls thereof on all sides so that the lower end of said inserted member is positioned adjacent to the bottom of the container, and supplying air under pressure to the mouth of said member thus positioned so as to inflate the same and cause its outer wall to Contact manual pressure to the outer end of said lin-v with the inner wall of the container, closing the mouth of said member, and applying manual pressure to the outer end of said member while inflated so as to transmit pressure to the bottom thereof through the contained air.

4. The method of lining a round container closed at one end, which consists in folding a lining member, comprising an elongated paper tube closed at one end and adapted when distende-d within said container to contact with the side walls thereof on all sides, along a line spaced from said closed end by a distance equal to approximately one-half the diameter of the container so that the contacting surfaces are outer surfaces of said member, the' folded inserted member being positioned so that its lower portion is adacent the bottom of the container, and supp ying air under pressure to the mouth of said member thus positioned so as to inflate the same and cause its outer wall to contact with the inner wall of the container, closing the mouth of said lining member and applying ing member while inflated so as to transmit pressure to the bottom thereof through the contained air.

5. The method of lining a tubular container closed at one end, which consists in folding a lining member comprising an elongate paper tube closed at one end and adapted when distended within said container to contact with the side walls thereof on all sides along a line spaced from said closed end by a distance equal to approximately one-half the diameter of the container, inserting said folded member in the container so that its lower portion is adjacent the bottom of the container and supplying air under pressure to the mouth of said member thus positioned so as to inflate the same and cause its outer walls to contact with the inner walls ofthe container and its folded end to unfold and spread out on the bottom of said container.

In testimony whereof we have signed our names to this specification.

ELBERT CLARENCE HARDY. PEDRO JosE MoRLEs. 

